Before the early 17th century, they were made of wood. After that a new ball was designed that was a hand-made leather pocket with feathers on the inside. The outside was then painted
The feathers were boiled down and stuffed into the leather pouch. As they began to cool down, they would expand again and the leather would dry up. This created a very compact and tight ball. If there were any openings in the pouch, they would sewn shut.
While this design worked well for a couple of centuries, it did have its downfalls. They were not easy to make and only a few could be made in a day. This made them very expensive. They also would split if they hit a hard surface.
Finally, in the mid 1800s a newer design was created. They used the dried sap from a tree which had a rubbery texture. They found it could be shaped when it was hot and accidentally found out that the defects created during the shaping gave the sphere a longer flight. So they began to make the spheres with the dimpling by hammering the defects in.
Later on a more rubberized substance was used and then put into a cover to keep it from having much of a bounce. However, the golf balls of today are created with several layers of synthetic substances. They are then distinguished by the number of layers they have. They come in a variety of characteristics to please every player.
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